Bourbaki

Proposition 11

Tag 068C, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 068C].

Algebra, chapter III, § 11. Cogebras, products of multilinear forms, inner products and duality

The canonical homomorphism θT:T(M∗)→T(M)∗gr\theta_T : T(M^*) \to T(M)^{*gr} (resp. θS:S(M)→S(M)∗gr\theta_S : S(M) \to S(M)^{*gr}, resp. θΛ:Λ(M∗)→Λ(M)∗gr\theta_\Lambda : \Lambda(M^*) \to \Lambda(M)^{*gr}) is a right T(M)T(M)-*module* (resp. right S(M)S(M)-*module*, resp. left Λ(M)\Lambda(M)-*module*) homomorphism.

We show first that, for z∗∈T(M∗)z^* \in T(M^*) and t∈T(M)t \in T(M),

θT(z∗∧t)=θT(z∗)∧t. \theta_T(z^* \wedge t) = \theta_T(z^*) \wedge t.

Since MM is a generating system of the algebra T(M)T(M), we need only prove (69) when t=x∈Mt = x \in M; moreover we can restrict our attention to the case where z∗=x1∗⊗x2∗⊗⋯⊗xp∗z^* = x_1^* \otimes x_2^* \otimes \cdots \otimes x_p^*, where the xj∗∈M∗x_j^* \in M^*, and then, by (66) with the roles of MM and M∗M^* interchanged, z∗∧x=⟨x,x1∗⟩x2∗⊗⋯⊗xp∗z^* \wedge x = \langle x, x_1^* \rangle x_2^* \otimes \cdots \otimes x_p^*. Therefore, for all y2,…,ypy_2, \ldots, y_p in MM,

⟨θT(z∗∧x),y2⊗y3⊗⋯⊗yp⟩=⟨x,x1∗⟩∏j=2p⟨yj,xj∗⟩=⟨θT(z∗),x⊗y2⊗⋯⊗yp⟩=⟨θT(z∗)∧x,y2⊗⋯⊗yp⟩ \begin{align*} \langle \theta_T(z^* \wedge x), y_2 \otimes y_3 \otimes \cdots \otimes y_p \rangle &= \langle x, x_1^* \rangle \prod_{j=2}^p \langle y_j, x_j^* \rangle \\ &= \langle \theta_T(z^*), x \otimes y_2 \otimes \cdots \otimes y_p \rangle \\ &= \langle \theta_T(z^*) \wedge x, y_2 \otimes \cdots \otimes y_p \rangle \end{align*}

whence (69).

We prove secondly that for z∗∈S(M∗)z^* \in S(M^*) and t∈S(M)t \in S(M),

θS(z∗∧t)=θS(z∗)∧t. \theta_S(z^* \wedge t) = \theta_S(z^*) \wedge t.

As above, we can limit ourselves to the case t=x∈Mt = x \in M. But further, here i(x)i(x) is a derivation of S(M∗)S(M^*) and a derivation of S(M)∗grS(M)^{*gr}. Therefore (§ 10, no. 7, Corollary to Proposition 9) it suffices to verify (70) for z∗=x∗∈M∗z^* = x^* \in M^*, since M∗M^* is a generating system of S(M∗)S(M^*); but this is trivial, the two sides then being equal to ⟨x∗,x⟩\langle x^*, x \rangle. A similar argument proves the relation

θ∧(t∧z∗)=t∧θ∧(z∗) \theta_\wedge(t \wedge z^*) = t \wedge \theta_\wedge(z^*)

for z∗∈Λ(M∗)z^* \in \Lambda(M^*) and t∈Λ(M)t \in \Lambda(M): observe then that, for x∈Mx \in M, i(x)i(x) is an antiderivation in Λ(M∗)\Lambda(M^*) as well as in Λ(M)∗gr\Lambda(M)^{*gr} and use § 10, no. 7, Corollary to Proposition 9. There is an analogous result for left inner products.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Cites

Transcribed from the printed edition, 1998, Springer. Not translated.