Bourbaki

Lemma 1

Tag 09AI, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 09AI].

Integration, chapter VI, § 2. Vectorial measures . "

— When L0\mathscr{L}_0 and K(T)\mathscr{K}(T) are equipped with the topology induced by that of L1((μι)ι∈I)\mathscr{L}^1((\mu_\iota)_{\iota \in I}): a) each element of L0\mathscr{L}_0 is in the closure of some bounded subset of K(T)\mathscr{K}(T); b) each element of L1((μι)ι∈I)\mathscr{L}^1((\mu_\iota)_{\iota \in I}) is in the closure of some bounded subset of L0\mathscr{L}_0.

To prove a), we may restrict ourselves to the case of an element of the form f=gφKf = g \varphi_K (g∈C(T)g \in \mathscr{C}(T)), K compact in T). It is immediate (by virtue of Urysohn’s theorem) that ff is in the closure of the set B of functions of the form ghgh, where h describes the set of continuous mappings of T into [0,1][0,1] that are equal to 1 on K and to 0 on the complement of a fixed compact neighborhood H of K. Moreover, the set B is bounded, because μι(∣gh∣)≤μι(∣fφH∣)\mu_\iota(|gh|) \leq \mu_\iota(|f\varphi_H|) for every function h having the preceding properties.

Let us now prove b); we may restrict ourselves to the case of an element f≥0f \geq 0 of L1((μι)ι∈I)\mathscr{L}^1((\mu_\iota)_\iota \in I). For every ι∈I\iota \in I and every ε>0\varepsilon > 0, there exists a compact subset K(ι,ε)K(\iota, \varepsilon) of T such that the restriction of ff to K(ι,ε)K(\iota, \varepsilon) is continuous and ∣μι(∣f−fφK(ι,ε)∣)∣≤ε|\mu_\iota(|f - f\varphi_{K(\iota, \varepsilon)}|)| \leq \varepsilon. It is clear that ff is in the closure of the set C of fφK(ι,ε)f\varphi_{K(\iota, \varepsilon)} (where ι∈I, ε>0\iota \in I,\ \varepsilon > 0). By virtue of Urysohn’s theorem, the set C in contained in L0\mathscr{L}_0; moreover, it is bounded, because μκ(fφK(ι,ε))≤μκ(f)\mu_\kappa(f\varphi_{K(\iota, \varepsilon)}) \leq \mu_\kappa(f) for all ι∈I, κ∈I\iota \in I,\ \kappa \in I and ε>0\varepsilon > 0.

Let us now prove Prop. 6: for every function g∈K(T)g \in \mathscr{K}(T) and every continuous seminorm q on F, q(∫g dm)≤∫∣g∣ d(q(m))q\left( \int g\,dm \right) \leq \int |g|\,d(q(m)) (Prop. 5), which implies that the mapping g↦∫g dmg \mapsto \int g\,dm of K(T)\mathscr{K}(T) into F is continuous when K(T)\mathscr{K}(T) is equipped with the topology induced by that of L1((q(m))q∈Q)\mathscr{L}^1((q(m))_{q \in Q}) (Q the set of continuous semi-norms on F). Consequently, by the preceding lemma and Prop. 10 of TVS, III, §1, No. 6, this mapping may be extended by continuity, first to a continuous linear mapping v0v_0 of L0\mathscr{L}_0 into F, then to a continuous linear mapping vv of L1((q(m))q∈Q)\mathscr{L}^1((q(m))_{q \in Q}) into F. Moreover, for every z′∈F′z' \in F' the relation ⟨z′,v(f)⟩=∫f d(z′∘m)\langle z', v(f) \rangle = \int f\,d(z' \circ m) holds, by the definition of vv, for every f∈K(T)f \in \mathscr{K}(T); since ∣z′∘m∣≤q(m)|z' \circ m| \leq q(m) for q(z)=∣⟨z′,z⟩∣q(z) = |\langle z', z \rangle|, the mapping f↦∫f d(z′∘m)f \mapsto \int f\,d(z' \circ m) is continuous on L1((q(m))q∈Q)\mathscr{L}^1((q(m))_{q \in Q}), therefore again by continuity, the relation ⟨z′,v(f)=∫f d(z′∘m)\langle z', v(f) = \int f\,d(z' \circ m) holds for every function f∈L1((q(m))q∈Q)f \in \mathscr{L}^1((q(m))_{q \in Q}). It follows that v(f)=∫f dmv(f) = \int f\,dm, which completes the proof.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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