Bourbaki

Remark

Tag 0ALU, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0ALU].

Lie Groups and Lie Algebras, chapter IV, § 1. Coxeter Groups

Consider a dihedral group WW of order 2m2m generated by two distinct elements ss and s′s' of order 2. Denote by sqs_q (resp. sq′s'_q) the sequence of length qq whose odd (resp. even) numbered terms are equal to ss and whose even (resp. odd) numbered terms are equal to s′s', and let wqw_q (resp. wq′w'_q) be the product of the sequence sqs_q (resp. sq′s'_q). We have

w2k=(ss′)k,w2k+1=(ss′)ks, w_{2k} = (ss')^k, \quad w_{2k+1} = (ss')^k s,
w2k′=(s′s)k=(ss′)−k,w2k+1′=(s′s)ks′=(ss′)−k−1s. w'_{2k} = (s's)^k = (ss')^{-k}, \quad w'_{2k+1} = (s's)^k s' = (ss')^{-k-1} s.

If s=(s1,…,sq)s = (s_1, \ldots, s_q) is a reduced decomposition (with respect to {s,s′}\{ s, s' \}) of an element ww of WW, then clearly si≠si+1s_i \neq s_{i+1} for 1≤i≤q−11 \leq i \leq q-1. Hence, s=sqs = s_q or s=sq′s = s'_q.

If m=∞m = \infty, the elements (ss′)n(ss')^n and (ss′)ns(ss')^n s for n∈Zn \in \mathbf{Z} are distinct. Hence, the elements wqw_q (q≥0q \geq 0) and wq′w'_q (q>0q > 0) are distinct, and if ss is a reduced decomposition of wqw_q (resp. wq′w'_q) we necessarily have s=sqs = s_q (resp. s=sq′s = s'_q). It follows from this that l(wq)=l(wq′)=ql(w_q) = l(w'_q) = q and that the set of reduced decompositions of the elements of WW consists of the sqs_q and the sq′s'_q. Moreover, every element of WW has a unique reduced decomposition.

Suppose now that mm is finite. If q≥2mq \geq 2m, we have wq=wq−2mw_q = w_{q-2m} and wq′=wq−2m′w'_q = w'_{q-2m}; if m≤q≤2mm \leq q \leq 2m, we have wq=w2m−q′w_q = w'_{2m-q}, wq′=w2m−qw'_q = w_{2m-q}. Hence, neither sqs_q nor sq′s'_q are reduced decompositions if q>mq > m. It follows that each of the 2m2m elements of WW is one of the 2m2m elements w0=w0′w_0 = w'_0, wqw_q and wq′w'_q for 1≤q≤m−11 \leq q \leq m-1, and wm=wm′w_m = w'_m. These 2m2m elements are thus distinct and it follows as above that l(wq)=l(wq′)=ql(w_q) = l(w'_q) = q for q≤mq \leq m and that the set of reduced decompositions of elements of WW consists of the sqs_q and the sq′s'_q for 0≤q≤m0 \leq q \leq m. Every element of WW except wmw_m has a unique reduced decomposition; wmw_m has two.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

Cited by

Nothing.

Cites

Nothing.

Transcribed from the printed volume. Not translated.