Lemma 1
Tag 0AU4, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0AU4].
Lie Groups and Lie Algebras, chapter VI, § 1. Root systems
Let be a vector space over , a finite subset of generating . For any such that , there exists at most one reflection of such that and .
Let be the group of automorphisms of leaving stable. Since generates , is isomorphic to a subgroup of the symmetric group of , and hence is finite. Let be reflections of such that , , . Then belongs to , and hence is of finite order . On the other hand,
Hence, there exists a linear form on such that
and . By induction on , it follows that
Taking equal to , we see that for all , so , and .
Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.
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