Bourbaki

Lemma 1

Tag 0DLF, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0DLF].

Algebra, chapter IX, § 6. Propriétés spéciales aux formes hermitiennes

Suppose that AA is a field and Φ\Phi a Hermitian form ≠0\neq 0 on EE. If all the vectors of EE are isotropic, AA is a commutative field of characteristic 2, the antiautomorphism JJ is the identity and Φ\Phi is alternating.

Indeed, on expanding Φ(x+y,x+y)=0\Phi(x + y, x + y) = 0, taking into account the hypotheses Φ(x,x)=Φ(y,y)=0\Phi(x, x) = \Phi(y, y) = 0, we obtain the relation Φ(x,y)=−Φ(x,y)‾\Phi(x, y) = -\overline{\Phi(x, y)} for arbitrary x,yx, y in EE. Since Φ\Phi is ≠0\neq 0, there exist x,yx, y in EE such that Φ(x,y)=1\Phi(x, y) = 1. Writing that Φ(λx,y)=−Φ(λx,y)\Phi(\lambda x, y) = -\Phi(\lambda x, y), we obtain λ‾=−λ\overline{\lambda} = -\lambda for every λ∈A\lambda \in A. Taking first λ=1\lambda = 1, we see that AA is of characteristic 2; the relation λ‾=−λ\overline{\lambda} = -\lambda then shows that JJ is the identity, hence AA is commutative and Φ\Phi is alternating.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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