Bourbaki

Exercise 20, § 5

Commutative Algebra, II

Bourbaki marks this one as harder than the rest.

Let A be a ring, P, P’ two finite faithful projective a-modules. Now prove that, if θ:EndA(P)→EndA(P′)\theta : \mathrm{End}_A(P) \to \mathrm{End}_A(P') is an isomorphism of A-algebras, there exists a projective a-module F of rank 1 and an A-isomorphism φ:P′→P⊗AF\varphi : P' \to P \otimes_A F, such that θ(u)=φ−1∘(u⊗1)∘φ\theta(u) = \varphi^{-1} \circ (u \otimes 1) \circ \varphi for all u∈EndA(P)u \in \mathrm{End}_A(P). (Apply Exercise 18 to E=P′E = P' considered as an (EndA(P)\mathrm{End}_A(P))-module by means of θ\theta; for proving that HomB(P,P′)\mathrm{Hom}_B(P, P') is a projective a-module of rank 1, use Theorem 2 of No. 3, as well as Alg., Chapter VIII, § 5, Exercise 7 c).)

Solution

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Machine translation of the English, by gpt-5-6-mini. Not checked by a person. That model is a cut down version of the one the rest of this language was written by.