Bourbaki

Proposition 4

Tag 020J, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 020J].

Topologie algébrique, chapter IV, § 1. Espaces délaçables

Let B be an unwindable topological space. The relation of strict homotopy is an open equivalence relation in the topological space Cc(I;B)\mathscr{C}_c(\mathbf{I}; B).

Suppose first that the space B is simply arcwise connected. Let φ:Λ(B)→B×B\varphi : \Lambda (B)\rightarrow B\times B denote the mapping which associates with a path cc in B the pair (c(0),c(1))(c(0), c(1)) formed by its origin and its end. In order that two paths in B be strictly homotopic, it is necessary and sufficient that they have the same origin and the same end (III, p. 292, prop. 2). Since the space B is connected and locally arcwise connected, the mapping φ\varphi is surjective, continuous and open (III, p. 262, prop. 10). The relation of strict homotopy is therefore open (TG, I, p. 32, prop. 3).

In the general case, let E be a simply connected by paths covering of B, nonempty if B =∅̸=\not\emptyset. This covering is surjective because B is connected (I, p. 74, prop. 4). Let us denote by pp the projection of the B-space E and let p~:Λ(E)→Λ(B)\widetilde{p}: \Lambda (E)\rightarrow \Lambda (B) be the mapping which associates to a path cc in E the path p∘cp\circ c. Endowed with the mapping p~\widetilde{p}, Λ(E) is a covering of Λ(B) (III, p. 302, cor. 1 of prop. 3). In order that two paths in B should be strictly homotopic, it is necessary and sufficient that they should be the images under the mapping p~\widetilde{p} of two strictly homotopic paths in E (III, p. 302, prop. 4). Let U be an open subset of the space Λ(B). The set (p~−1)(U)(\overset{-1}{\widetilde{p}})(U) is open in Λ(E) ; by the first part of the

proof, the set U′U' saturated of (p~−1)(U)(\overset{-1}{\widetilde{p}})(U) for the relation of strict homotopy is open in Λ(E). Since Λ(E) is a covering of Λ(B), the set p~(U′)\widetilde{p}(U') is open in Λ(B). This proves the proposition, for p~(U′)\widetilde{p}(U') is the saturated set of U for the relation of strict homotopy.

Bourbaki sets the proof directly after the statement, and the corpus does not separate them, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Machine translation of the English, by gpt-5.4, against glossary version 34. Not checked by a person.