Bourbaki

Lemma 3

Tag 03EJ, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 03EJ].

Théories spectrales, chapter V, § 4. Représentations des groupes compacts

Let π\pi be an irreducible unitary representation of G. The vector space L2(G♯)∩ϱG(π)L^2(G^{\sharp})\cap \boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(\pi ) has dimension one and is generated by the character of π\pi.

Consider the unitary representation σ\sigma of G in the space ϱG(π)\boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(\pi ) defined by σ(g)=ϱG(g,g)\sigma (g) =\boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(g, g). Since the unitary representation ϱG(π)\boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(\pi ) of G×GG\times G is isomorphic to π‾⊠π\overline{\pi}\boxtimes \pi (prop. 5 of V, p. 462), its character is given by

χσ(g)=χπ‾⊠π(g,g)=∣χπ(g)∣2 \chi_{\sigma}(g) =\chi_{\overline{\pi}\boxtimes\pi}(g, g) =|\chi_{\pi}(g)|^2

for every g∈Gg\in G. The space L2(G♯)∩ϱG(π)L^2(G^{\sharp})\cap \boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(\pi ) is the subspace of the elements invariant under this representation, and its dimension is equal to

∫Gχσ(g)dμ(g)=∫G∣χπ(g)∣2dμ(g)=1 \int_G\chi_{\sigma}(g)d\mu(g) =\int_G|\chi_{\pi}(g)|^2d\mu(g) = 1

(cor. 3 of V, p. 466 and cor. 3 of V, p. 459). Since the character of π\pi is a nonzero element of L2(G♯)∩ϱG(π)L^2(G^{\sharp})\cap \boldsymbol{\varrho }_G(\pi ), it is a basis of this space.

Bourbaki sets the proof directly after the statement, and the corpus does not separate them, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

Cited by

Nothing.

Cites

Nothing.

Machine translation of the English, by gpt-5.4, against glossary version 34. Not checked by a person.