Bourbaki marks this one as harder than the rest.
令 f 为间隔 [x0,+∞[ 为 R 的连续向量函数,并且对于所有 λ⩾0 函数 f(x+λ)−f(x) 趋于 0,当 x 趋于 +∞ 时。
a) Show that f(x+λ)−f(x) tends uniformly to 0 with 1/x when λ belongs to any compact interval K=[a,b] of [0,+∞[. (Argue by contradiction: if there exists a sequence (xn) tending to +∞ and a sequence of points (λnk) of K such that
∥f(xn+λnk)−f(xn)∥>α>0 for every
n, then there exists a neighbourhood
Jn of
λn in
K such that, for every
λ∈Jn, one has
∥f(xn+λ)−f(xn)∥>α. 构造由闭区间
Ik⊂K 的归纳递减序列和
(xn) 的子序列
(xnk) 组成,使得每个
λ∈Ik 都有
∥f(xnk+λ)−f(xnk)∥⩾α/3; 注为此,如果
δk是
Ik和
q整数的长度,使得
qδk>b−a,则
∥f(x+δk)−f(x)∥⩽α/3q一旦
x是足够大。)
b) 从a)推导出∫xx+1f(t)dt−f(x)趋于0,因为x趋于+∞,并且结论趋于f(x)=o(x)。