Bourbaki

Exercise 12, § 4

Lie Groups and Lie Algebras, III

Let GG be a real or complex connected finite-dimensional Lie group, α\alpha a differential form of degree pp invariant on the left on G. For α\alpha to be invariant on the right as well, it is necessary and sufficient that dα=0d\alpha = 0. (Observe that the condition of invariance on the right is written

∧p(tAd(s)).α(e)=α(e) \wedge^p(t\mathrm{Ad}(s)) . \alpha(e) = \alpha(e)

for all s∈Gs \in G, and is therefore equivalent to the condition

∑j=1p⟨α(e),u1∧⋯∧uj−1∧[u,uj]∧uj+1∧⋯∧up⟩=0 \sum_{j=1}^p \langle \alpha(e), u_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge u_{j-1} \wedge [u, u_j] \wedge u_{j+1} \wedge \cdots \wedge u_p \rangle = 0

whatever u,u1,…,upu, u_1, \ldots, u_p in L(G)L(G) may be). In particular, the differential forms of degree 1 invariant on the right and on the left on GG form a vector space of dimension dim⁡L(G)−dim⁡[L(G),L(G)]\dim L(G) - \dim[L(G), L(G)].

Solution

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Machine translation of the English, by gpt-5-mini. Not checked by a person. That model is a cut down version of the one the rest of this language was written by.