Bourbaki

Exercise 4, § 3

Tag 0294, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0294].

Spectral Theories, I, p. 166

Let (αn)n⩾0(\alpha_n)_{n\geqslant 0} be a sequence in R+∗\mathbf{R}_+^* such that α0=1,αm+n⩽αmαn\alpha_0= 1,\alpha_{m+n}\leqslant \alpha_m\alpha_n for all integers mm and nn, and such that αn1/n→0\alpha^{1/n}_n\rightarrow 0. Let A be the set of formal series

x=∑n=0∞xnzn∈C[[z]]x=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x_nz^n\in \mathbf{C}[[z]] such that

∥x∥=∑n=0∞∣xn∣αn<+∞ \|x\|=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}|x_n|\alpha_n<+\infty

Prove that A is a commutative unital Banach algebra topologically generated by zz, and that the unique maximal ideal of A is the set of x∈Ax\in A without constant term. (Observe that zz is quasi-nilpotent.)

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Machine translation of the English, by gpt-5-6-mini. Not checked by a person. That model is a cut down version of the one the rest of this language was written by.