Bourbaki

Corollary 3

Tag 063I, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 063I].

Algebra, chapter III, § 7. Exterior algebras

Let M be a projective A-module and (xi)1≤i≤n(x_i)_{1 \leq i \leq n} a finite sequence of elements of M. For there to exist on M an alternating n-linear form f such that

f(x1,x2,…,xn)≠0, f(x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n) \neq 0,
it is necessary and sufficient that x1∧x2∧⋯∧xn≠0x_1 \wedge x_2 \wedge \cdots \wedge x_n \neq 0.

We know already (with no hypothesis on M) that the condition is necessary (no. 4, Proposition 7). Suppose now that M is projective and that

x1∧x2∧⋯∧xn≠0. x_1 \wedge x_2 \wedge \cdots \wedge x_n \neq 0.
Then ⋀n(M)\bigwedge^n(M) is projective (Corollary 2) and hence the canonical mapping
⋀n(M)→(⋀n(M))∗∗ \bigwedge^n(M) \to (\bigwedge^n(M))^{**}
is injective (II, § 2, no. 7, Corollary 4 to Proposition 13); we conclude that there exists a linear form g:⋀n(M)→Ag : \bigwedge^n(M) \to A such that g(x1∧x2∧⋯∧xn)≠0g(x_1 \wedge x_2 \wedge \cdots \wedge x_n) \neq 0. If ff is the alternating n-linear form corresponding to gg (no. 4, Proposition 7), then f(x1,…,xn)≠0f(x_1, \ldots, x_n) \neq 0.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Transcribed from the printed edition, 1998, Springer. Not translated.