(1) If A is a quadratic algebra of type (α,β) over K, then (in the notation of § 2, no. 3) Tr(e1)=2,Tr(e2)=β,
Tr(e22)=αTr(e1)+βTr(e2)=2α+β2,
whence DA/K(e1,e2)=β2+4α.
(2) Let A=K[X]/K[X]P, where P(X)=X3+pX+q, so that if x is the image of X in A, 1, x, x2 form a basis of A over K and x3=−px−q. It is seen immediately that Tr(1)=3,Tr(x)=0,Tr(x2)=−2p, taking account of the relation x3=−px−q,Tr(x3)=−3q and Tr(x4)=2p2, whence easily DA/K(1,x,x2)=−4p3−27q2.
(3) Let A be a quaternion algebra of type (α,β,γ) over K and (1,i,j,k) a basis of A of type (α,β,γ); taking account of § 3, no. 5, formula (30), it is easily found that Tr(1)=4,Tr(i)=2β,Tr(j)=Tr(k)=0, then
DA/K(1,i,j,k)=−16γ2(β2+4α)2.
(4) Let A=Mn(K) and consider the canonical basis (Eij)1≤i≤n,1≤j≤n of A over K (II, § 10, no. 3). It is immediate that TrA/K(Eij)=0 if j=i and TrA/K(Eii)=n for all i; it follows without difficulty that the matrix (Tr(EijEhk)) of order n2 is of the form n.P, where P is a permutation matrix, whence DA/K((Eij))=±nn2.
Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.
Nothing.