Bourbaki

Example

Tag 0672, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0672].

Algebra, chapter III, § 10. Derivations

(3) Applying Proposition 16 to the case n=1n = 1, M1=MM_1 = M, P=AP = A, then H=M∗H = M^*, the dual of M, and it is seen that for a K-derivation (d0,d,d′)(d_0, d, d') of (A,M,M)(A, M, M) is derived a K-derivation (d0,d∗,d∗)(d_0, d^*, d^*) of (A,M∗,M∗)(A, M^*, M^*) such that

(38) d0⟨m,m∗⟩=⟨dm,m∗⟩+⟨m,d∗m∗⟩d_0\langle m, m^*\rangle = \langle dm, m^*\rangle + \langle m, d^*m^*\rangle

for m∈Mm \in M and m∗∈M∗m^* \in M^*. The K-linear mapping of M⊕M∗M \oplus M^* into itself which is equal to dd on MM and to d∗d^* on M∗M^* then satisfies condition (29) and there is therefore a KK-derivation DD of the AA-algebra T(M⊕M∗)T(M \oplus M^*), which reduces to d0d_0 on AA, to dd on MM and to d∗d^* on M∗M^*. The restriction dJId_J^I of DD to the sub-AA-module TJI(M)T_J^I(M) of T(M⊕M∗)T(M \oplus M^*) (§5§ 5, no. 6) is a KK-endomorphism of TJI(M)T_J^I(M) such that (d0,dJI,dJI)(d_0, d_J^I, d_J^I) is a KK-derivation of (A,TJI(M),TJI(M))(A, T_J^I(M), T_J^I(M)). Moreover, for i∈I,j∈Ji \in I, j \in J, if we write I′=I−{i},J′=J−{j}I' = I - \{i\}, J' = J - \{j\}, it is immediately verified that for the contraction cjic_j^i (§5§ 5, no. 6)

cji(dJI(z))=dJ′I′(cji(z))for all z∈TJI(M). c_j^i(d_J^I(z)) = d_{J'}^{I'}(c_j^i(z)) \quad \text{for all } z \in T_J^I(M).

(4) Let MiM_i (1≤i≤31 \leq i \leq 3) be three AA-modules and, for each ii, suppose that (d0,di,di)(d_0, d_i, d_i) is a derivation of (A,Mi,Mi)(A, M_i, M_i); applying Proposition 16 again for n=1n = 1, a derivation (d0,dij,dij)(d_0, d_{ij}, d_{ij}) of (A,Hij,Hij)(A, H_{ij}, H_{ij}), where Hij=Hom⁡A(Mi,Mj)H_{ij} = \operatorname{Hom}_A(M_i, M_j), is derived for each ordered pair (i,j)(i, j). With this notation, for u∈Hom⁡A(M1,M2)u \in \operatorname{Hom}_A(M_1, M_2) and v∈Hom⁡A(M2,M3)v \in \operatorname{Hom}_A(M_2, M_3),

d13(v∘u)=(d23v)∘u+v∘(d12u) d_{13}(v \circ u) = (d_{23}v) \circ u + v \circ (d_{12}u)
as is immediately verified from the definitions.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Transcribed from the printed edition, 1998, Springer. Not translated.