Bourbaki

Proposition 6

Tag 0AX7, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0AX7].

Lie Groups and Lie Algebras, chapter VI, § 2. Affine Weyl group

For all i∈Ji \in J, the element γi=t(ω‾i)wiw0\gamma_i = t(\overline{\omega}_i)w_iw_0 belongs to ΓC\Gamma_C and the map i↦γii \mapsto \gamma_i is a bijection from J to ΓC−{1}\Gamma_C - \{1\}.

We remark first of all that the root wi(α~)w_i(\tilde{\alpha}) is of the form

niαi+∑j≠ibijαj, n_i \alpha_i + \sum_{j \neq i} b_{ij} \alpha_j,
and hence is positive.

We show that, if i∈Ji \in J, then γi∈ΓC\gamma_i \in \Gamma_C. Indeed, let a∈Ca \in C and b=γi(a)b = \gamma_i(a). For 1≤j≤l1 \leq j \leq l and j≠ij \neq i,

⟨b,αj⟩=⟨ω‾i+wiw0(a),αj⟩=⟨w0(a),wi(αj)⟩>0 \langle b, \alpha_j \rangle = \langle \overline{\omega}_i + w_iw_0(a), \alpha_j \rangle \\ = \langle w_0(a), w_i(\alpha_j) \rangle > 0
since w0(a)∈−C′w_0(a) \in -C' and wi(αj)w_i(\alpha_j) is negative. On the other hand,
⟨b,αi⟩=1+⟨w0(a),wi(αi)⟩≥1+⟨w0(a),α~⟩>0 \langle b, \alpha_i \rangle = 1 + \langle w_0(a), w_i(\alpha_i) \rangle \geq 1 + \langle w_0(a), \tilde{\alpha} \rangle > 0
since w0(a)∈−C′w_0(a) \in -C', α~−wi(αi)\tilde{\alpha} - w_i(\alpha_i) takes negative values on −C′-C', and ⟨w0(a),α~⟩>−1\langle w_0(a), \tilde{\alpha} \rangle > -1. Finally,
⟨b,α~⟩=ni+⟨w0(a),wi(α~)⟩=1+⟨w0(a),wi(α~)⟩<1 \langle b, \tilde{\alpha} \rangle = n_i + \langle w_0(a), w_i(\tilde{\alpha}) \rangle = 1 + \langle w_0(a), w_i(\tilde{\alpha}) \rangle < 1
since w0(a)∈−C′w_0(a) \in -C' and wi(α~)w_i(\tilde{\alpha}) is a positive root. The relations (2), (3) and (4) then imply that b∈Cb \in C, and hence that γi∈ΓC\gamma_i \in \Gamma_C. It is clear that the map i↦γii \mapsto \gamma_i is injective, since γi(0)=ω‾i\gamma_i(0) = \overline{\omega}_i. Finally, let γ∈ΓC\gamma \in \Gamma_C with γ≠1\gamma \neq 1, and put γ=tw\gamma = tw with t∈Pt \in P and w∈Ww \in W. Then t≠1t \neq 1 since ΓC∩W={1}\Gamma_C \cap W = \{1\}. On the other hand, t(0)=γ(0)∈C‾∩P(R−)t(0) = \gamma(0) \in \overline{C} \cap P(R^-) and Prop. 5 implies that there exists i∈Ji \in J such that t(0)=ω‾it(0) = \overline{\omega}_i. Then γi−1γ(0)=0\gamma_i^{-1}\gamma(0) = 0, hence γ=γi\gamma = \gamma_i since ΓC∩W={1}\Gamma_C \cap W = \{1\}. This completes the proof.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Transcribed from the printed volume. Not translated.