Bourbaki

Proposition 8

Tag 0BEY, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0BEY].

General Topology, chapter II, § 3. Complete spaces

Every closed subspace of a complete space is complete. Every complete subspace of a Hausdorff uniform space (complete or not) is closed.

Let XX be a complete space and let AA be a closed subspace of XX. If F\mathfrak{F} is a Cauchy filter on AA, then it is a Cauchy filter base on XX (no. 1, Proposition 3) and therefore converges to a point x∈Xx \in X; but since AA is closed we have x∈Ax \in A, and therefore F\mathfrak{F} converges in the subspace AA.

Now let A‾\overline{A} be a non-closed subset of a Hausdorff uniform space XX, and let b∈A‾−Ab \in \overline{A} - A. The trace BA\mathfrak{B}_A on AA of the neighbourhood filter B\mathfrak{B} of bb in XX is a Cauchy filter on AA; but it cannot converge to a point c∈Ac \in A, otherwise cc would be a limit point of B\mathfrak{B} (no. 2, Proposition 5, Corollary 3) which is absurd since b≠cb \neq c and XX is Hausdorff.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Transcribed from the printed volume. Not translated.