Bourbaki

Corollary 2

Tag 0BYB, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 0BYB].

General Topology, chapter VII, § 1. Subgroups and quotient groups of $\mathbf{R}^n$

There exists an automorphism of Rn\mathbf{R}^n which maps G onto the group G′G', isomorphic to Rp×Zr−p\mathbf{R}^p \times \mathbf{Z}^{r-p}, which is the direct sum of the vector subspace generated by e1,e2,…,epe_1, e_2, \ldots, e_p and the (discrete) additive subgroup generated by ep+1,ep+2,…,ere_{p+1}, e_{p+2}, \ldots, e_r.

This is an immediate consequence of Corollary 1. Corollary 2 of Theorem 2 shows that a closed subgroup G of Rn\mathbf{R}^n is completely determined up to isomorphism by two integers ≥0\geq 0: its rank, which we denote by r(G)r(G), and the dimension of the largest vector subspace contained in G, which we call the dimension of G and denote by d(G)d(G).

The only conditions which these integers have to satisfy are the inequalities 0≤d(G)≤r(G)≤n0 \leq d(G) \leq r(G) \leq n.

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Cites

Transcribed from the printed volume. Not translated.