Bourbaki

Proposition 10

Tag 066U, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 066U].

Algebra, chapter III, § 10. Derivations

Under the conditions of Proposition 9, for an ε\varepsilon-derivation d′:B→Fd' : B \to F to be AA-linear for the left (resp. right) AA-module structures on BB and ρ∗(F)\rho^*(F), it is necessary and sufficient that d′d' be zero on the subalgebra ρ(A)\rho(A) of BB.

We perform the proof for left A-module structures. For a∈A,b∈Ba \in A, b \in B,

d′(ρ(a)b)=d′(ρ(a))b+ρ(a)d′b d'(\rho(a)b) = d'(\rho(a))b + \rho(a)d'b
and hence if d′∘ρ=0d' \circ \rho = 0, d′d' is linear for the left A-module structures on B and ρ∗(F)\rho^*(F). Conversely, if this is so, in particular
d′(ρ(a))=d′(ρ(a).1)=ρ(a)d′(1)=0 d'(\rho(a)) = d'(\rho(a).1) = \rho(a)d'(1) = 0
(no. 5, Proposition 3).

In particular let DK(B,F)D_K(B, F) denote the K-module of derivations of B into F (no. 2); those among these derivations which are A-linear, in other words those which are zero on ρ(A)\rho(A), form a sub-K-module of DK(B,F)D_K(B, F), denoted by DA,ρ(B,F)D_{A,\rho}(B, F) or simply DA(B,F)D_A(B, F) (obviously DK(B,F)=DK,ϕ(B,F)D_K(B, F) = D_{K,\phi}(B, F), where ϕ:K→B\phi : K \to B is the homomorphism defining the K-algebra structure on B).

Now let A, B, C be three graded K-algebras, ρ:A→B,σ:B→C\rho : A \to B, \sigma : B \to C two graded algebra homomorphisms and G a graded (C, C)-bimodule; if DA(B,G)D_A(B, G), DB(C,G)D_B(C, G) and DA(C,G)D_A(C, G) denote the respective K-modules DA,ρ(B,σ∗(G))D_{A,\rho}(B, \sigma_*(G)), DB,σ(C,G)D_{B,\sigma}(C, G) and DA,σ∘ρ(C,G)D_{A,\sigma \circ \rho}(C, G), DB(C,G)D_B(C, G) is clearly a sub-K-module of DA(C,G)D_A(C, G) since σ(ρ(A))⊂σ(B)\sigma(\rho(A)) \subset \sigma(B).

Bourbaki puts the proof directly after the statement, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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Cites

Transcribed from the printed edition, 1998, Springer. Not translated.