Bourbaki

Corollary

Tag 01JJ, permanent. Cite it as [Bourbaki, Tag 01JJ].

Lie Groups and Lie Algebras, chapter IX, § 4. Root system associated to a compact group

Assume that G is semi-simple. Then every element of G is the commutator of two elements of G.

Let cc be a Coxeter transformation of the Weyl group W(gC,tC)W(\mathfrak{g}_{\mathbf{C}},\mathfrak{t}_{\mathbf{C}}) (Chap. V, §6, no. 1), and let nn be an element of NG(T)N_G(T) whose class in W is identified with cc by the isomorphism defined in the proposition. Denote by fcf_c the morphism t→(n,t)t \rightarrow (n, t) from T to T; for x∈tCx\in \mathfrak{t}_{\mathbf{C}}, we have L(fc)(C)(x)=L(f_c)_{(\mathbf{C})}(x) = (Ad nn)(x)−x=(x)-x= c(x)−xc(x)-x.

By Th. 1 of Chap. V, §6, no. 2, the endomorphism cc of tC\mathfrak{t}_{\mathbf{C}} has no eigenvalue equal to 1. Consequently, L(fc)L(f_c) is surjective, and hence so is fcf_c. It follows that every element of T is the commutator of two elements of G, which implies the corollary in view of Th. 2, §2, no. 2.

Bourbaki sets the proof directly after the statement, and the corpus does not separate them, so what is above is the statement and its proof together.

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